In fifth grade math, students will compare, order, convert, estimate, and compute with fractions of like and unlike denominators, decimals, ratios, and percents; investigate perfect squares and their roots; and explore numbers less than zero through familiar applications such as temperature. Students will extend their understanding of plotting locations in a coordinate system to include negative numbers; determine and compute measurement of length, area, and volume within the same measurement system; and determine the appropriate use of linear, square and cubic units. In geometry, students will use benchmark angles to estimate and measure angles; develop formulas of perimeter and area for basic two-dimensional shapes and volume for rectangular prisms; and describe, define, and model two-dimensional and three-dimensional geometric figures. Students will determine rules for patterns and relationships using calculators, tables, and graphs; create, interpret, and model equations, proportions, and inequalities representing problem situations; read and construct frequency tables, circle graphs, line graphs, and double bar graphs interpreting and selecting graphs that are appropriate for the type of data to be displayed; determine and use range, mean, median, and mode to compare and explain data; analyze change through related variables in graphs; and use simple experiments and simulations to list all possible outcomes, make predictions, and justify theoretical probabilities. (back).